If you are willing to set up your environment for C programming language, you need the following two tools available on your computer, (a) Text Editor, and (b) The C Compiler.
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Text Editor
This will be used to type your program. Examples of few
editors include Windows Notepad, OS Edit command, Brief, Epsilon, EMACS, and
vim or VI.
The name and the version of the text editor can vary on
different operating systems. For example, Notepad will be used on Windows, and
vim or vi can be used on Windows as well as Linux or UNIX.
The files you create with your editor are called source
files and contain program source code. The source files for C programs are
typically named with the extension ".c".
Before starting your programming, make sure you have one
text editor in place and you have enough experience to write a computer
program, save it in a file, compile it, and finally execute it.
The C Compiler
The source code written in the source file is the human-readable
source for your program. It needs to be "compiled", to turn into
machine language so that your CPU can actually execute the program as per the
given instructions.
This C programming language compiler will be used to compile
your source code into a final executable program. We assume you have the basic
knowledge about a programming language compiler.
The most frequently used and free available compiler is GNU
C/C++ compiler. Otherwise, you can have compilers either from HP or Solaris if
you have respective Operating Systems (OS).
The following section guides you on how to install GNU C/C++ the compiler on various Operating Systems. We are mentioning C/C++ together because
the GNU GCC compiler works for both C and C++ programming languages.
Installation on UNIX/Linux
If you are using Linux or UNIX, then check whether GCC is installed on your system by entering the following command from the command line –
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If you have GNU compiler installed on your machine, then it should print a message such as the following -
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If GCC is not installed, then you will have to install it
yourself using the detailed instructions available at https://gcc.gnu.org/install/
This tutorial has been written based on Linux and all the
given examples have been compiled on Cent OS flavor of the Linux system
Installation on Mac OS
If you use Mac OS X, the easiest way to obtain GCC is to
download the Xcode development environment from Apple's website and follow the simple installation
instructions. Once you have Xcode
setup, you will be able to use the GNU compiler for C/C++.
Xcode is
currently available at developer.apple.com/technologies/tools/
Installation on Windows
To install GCC on Windows, you need to install MinGW. To install MinGW, go to the MinGW
homepage, www.mingw.org, and follow the link to the MinGW download page. Download the latest version of the MinGW
installation program, which should be named MinGW<version>.exe.
While installing MinGW,
at a minimum, you must install GCC-core,
GCC-g++, Binutils, and the MinGW runtime,
but you may wish to install more.
Add the bin subdirectory of your MinGW installation to your PATH environment variable, so that you
can specify these tools on the command line by their simple names.
When the installation is complete, you will be able to run GCC, g++, ar, ranlib, dlltool, and several other GNU tools from the Windows command line.
